Warning: ini_set(): A session is active. You cannot change the session module's ini settings at this time in /home/updatepublishing/public_html/journal/lib/pkp/classes/session/SessionManager.inc.php on line 69

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/updatepublishing/public_html/journal/lib/pkp/classes/session/SessionManager.inc.php:69) in /home/updatepublishing/public_html/journal/plugins/generic/citationStyleLanguage/CitationStyleLanguagePlugin.inc.php on line 478

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/updatepublishing/public_html/journal/lib/pkp/classes/session/SessionManager.inc.php:69) in /home/updatepublishing/public_html/journal/plugins/generic/citationStyleLanguage/CitationStyleLanguagePlugin.inc.php on line 479
TY - JOUR AU - BHAI, JOSEPH THOMAS, R SUSEELA PY - 1995/06/22 Y2 - 2025/09/23 TI - Fungal and bacterial diseases of cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton) and their management JF - Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops JA - J Spices Arom Crops VL - 4 IS - 1 SE - Research Articles DO - UR - https://www.updatepublishing.com/journal/index.php/josac/article/view/4345 SP - 24-31 AB - <div>Small cardamom (<em>Elettaria cardamomum</em>) is susceptible to a number of diseases due to fungi, bacteria and viruses. Twenty six different types of diseases have been reported of which only a few have been considered as major causing severe crop losses. The major diseases of fungal origin are 'azhukal' (capsule rot) caused by&nbsp;<em>Phytophthora meadii</em>, rhizome rot (clump rot) and seedling rot (damping ofD caused by&nbsp;<em>Phythium vexans</em>, leaf blight caused by&nbsp;<em>Phytophthora meadii</em>, leaf blotch caused by&nbsp;<em>Phaeodactylium alpiniae</em>&nbsp;and leaf spots by&nbsp;<em>Eercospora&nbsp;</em>sp., and&nbsp;<em>Sphaceloma cardamomi</em>, leaf rust by&nbsp;<em>Phakospora elettariae</em>, brown spot by&nbsp;<em>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</em>&nbsp;etc. Most of the diseases occur during the South West monsoon period where heavy rain coupled with high relative humidity predisposes the plant to infection. Since the occurrence and spread of diseases are correlated to weather conditions, integrated disease management strategy adopting cultural, chemical and biological control methods are highly suitable to save the crop from heavy losses.</div><p>&nbsp;</p> ER -